Australian Sports Essays - Sport, Australian Rules Football

Australian Sports Sport in Australian Society Australian people's lives are greatly affected by sport. In Australia, most people will either participate in sport or watch sport, wether it at the arena or on television, what ever you do it would be hard not be caught up in all the hype surrounding sport. A lot of people will participate on weekends at a social level, but some people will play representative sport, that is the reason that many Australians have come to think of themselves as a great sporting nation. It is these ideas that have allowed Australian athlete's to become world champions. People participate in sport not only for the physical values but the values of team sprit, sportsmanship, relaxation and for some financial rewards. Sport is - one or more people competing against another team or individual to see who will win. Sport also is - a game played at a non-competitive level. Some people however believe that competitive sport causes narrow-mindedness or that winning and competition lead to individualism and selfishness. Sport is open to people of any age or race. Anyone can participate in sport, however as you get older you may be limited physically to the amount or sport you play. Some other limitations may be the resources available, your age, your time available or the costs involved. A survey was said to be conducted by the courier mail titled, "Yes, We Really Are Sports Mad". The survey had the following results, 88% people in capital cities play sport with 1 in every 2 of those people taking part in at least four sports a week. Swimming was seen to be the favourite sport among participants with tennis, fishing, snooker and pool close behind. Also in this survey it was said 2 out of 3 Australians that live in capital cities will go to at least one sporting match a year. The reason a large number of Australian lives are affected by sport is because you hear about it every day, wether it be on the radio, in a newspaper or on television. The Courier-Mail devotes a section of the paper just to sport and so does the news services. On Foxtel and Galaxy there are two sports channels and on Optus Vision there are three. On the AM radio stations, there will be three or four minutes every half hour on sport. A large section of the media is devoted to the broadcast of sport - everybody had herd before they arrived home from school or work on Monday the 8th of September that Patrick Rafter had won the singles tittle at the American Open tennis championship, this is an example of how fast the media spreads news about Australian sporting stars. Anyone between the ages of 16 and 65 will watch some sport on television during the year. Cricket is the most watched sport on TV although tennis, Rugby League, Australian Rules Football, Motor Racing and Basketball also draw large crowds ('Yes, we really are sports mad'. The Courier-Mail). Results were poled in 1987, stating that watching television was an Australians' favourite pastime. Informal sport was 9th on the results poled and organised sport was 11th (See Table 1, Appendix). During an inquiry in 1992, it found that substantial numbers of teenage girls were quitting sport (Williams, Peter, Health and Physical Education, 1995). In Victoria, during the 70's the government recognised the inclination in "spectatoritis" - people were spending more time watching sport on TV than participating themselves (Williams, 1995: 103). In 1975, a large proportion of the people of Victoria were asked the question - do you feel your physical fitness to be important? With the majority believing their physical fitness to be important, but not willing to do anything about it. At the Atlanta Olympics, Australians were recognised not only individually but also as a country that they were a force in sport not to reckoned with. This was demonstrated in the 1500m men's freestyle, when Kieren Perkins, who no one thought would win came back from what seemed were unsurmountable odds and won. Perkins received a second reward for his 1500m performance with the honour of being named Australian sportsman of the year. Kathy Watt was also rewarded with the honour of sportswoman of the year, for her efforts in the Olympics, namely cycling. If Australia sends performers like this to the following Olympic's in Sydney and Athens, Australia should continue winning medals. Without a doubt I think that it is clear to say that sport plays a major role in the Australian society.

Enviro Essay

Enviro Essay There is an ever present danger growing in the air that you and I breathe. For decades now we have been pumping toxic materials into the air around us. We should look at the sources and what we can do to lower to amount of dangerous elements they emit. The automobiles and the factories that people work in do most of the polluting. Obviously we can't eliminate all of these things from our daily life. However there is an abundance of options for people to choose that could reduce pollution.Like others around the world, Americans have grown to enjoy ourselves at the expense of our own environment. While the automobile has made life much easier, it has been responsible for tons upon tons of toxic waste deposited into the atmosphere.Cleaner cars would be possible but people do not want to pay the higher price the technology brings. The ACS (American Cancer Society) tells us that lung cancer cases are higher in areas where the automobile is in higher use.Impact of Air PollutionYet we conti nue to ignore the strong evidence and take no initiative to help the problem of pollution. Until human life is priced higher than the dollar we will pump an increasing amount of carcinogens into the air Americans breathe.Automobiles are not the only factors of air pollution that can be lowered or even eliminated. The Recycling of Aluminum and plastics emits far less pollution that the production of virgin materials. Even the leading aluminum producer admits that the airborne release of sulfur is 40% less during the production of recycled aluminum. "The average person just isn't interested in recycling", states Thomas Sancton of Green Peace.So the problem still resides with the average consumer. It takes little to no effort to divide your trash for...

Assessing Patients Feedback On Receiving Herbal Medicine Treatment Dissertation

Assessing Patients Feedback On Receiving Herbal Medicine Treatment - Dissertation Example The basis of the finding is lined up in the literature review part, where the author has exhaustively cited examples that are arguably centralized on the herbal treatment. Understanding the importance of medical treatment, most of the literature cited here has submerged in the argument on whether clinicians should adhere in most of the clinics in the country to this right treatment. This report is a critical representation of a research done by the university polyclinics with the help of the social research institutes, on patients’ views on the effectiveness of the herbal Medicare. Recently complementary and Alternative medicine has been seeking to gain greater acceptance into the community and thus there is the greater emphasis for it to be taken first as a professional course. Thus the University of Westminster has the mandate to ensure all its students reach an acceptable standard that can be in a position to meet patients’ needs before awarding them a degree. First, the research has touched on the patient-centered care, where special issues and barriers have been put into the analysis (Barnes, 2009, pg34). After the target groups, which are the practitioners and some of the Herbal medicine students, have been identified, the next thing is to illustrate questionnaires and outline the data found by analysis them in a more strategized manner. After the above have been met, methodology and data analysis designs have been included, for the implementation purposes (Sinclair, 2010, pg42). It is better to understand that without a detailed analysis of the data, the target group might not give out clear variations and impact of herbal being included clinical treatment.

Frightening Incident Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Frightening Incident - Essay Example The incident, which I am going to relate, is an on-the-job incident in which I saved my friend from a big injury. The injury would have made him disabled for his whole life. My friend and I worked in my uncle’s sugar mill in New Orleans a couple of years ago. We had summer holidays at that time. We wanted to spend that time in a useful way. Therefore, my uncle suggested me to join his sugar mill to pass the time and get some professional experience. I also asked my friend to accompany me. My friend agreed and we started working. We worked in that mill for 3 months as sugarcane chopping machine operators. Here, I would like to mention that a number of processes take place that convert raw form of sugar into the usable form. Sugar cane chopping is one such process in which large moving gears chop the sugarcanes. Operating the chopping machine is not an easy task. One needs to apply force on the paddle through hands to keep the gears moving. Therefore, managers of sugar mills usu ally hire more than one operator to reduce the workload. Each operator operates the machine usually from 60 to 90 minutes in each turn.

Types Of Grants And Scholarships Essay Example for Free

Types Of Grants And Scholarships Essay The Pell Grant Program basically provides need-based grants to students belonging to low-income families.   This grant is primarily for undergraduate and certain postgraduate students who do not have adequate finances and access to graduate degree programs.   The current institutions that participate in this program approximate nearly 5,400.   The grants generally cover expenses such as allowances and basic education costs. The grant amount is determined by a number of factors such as the contribution from the family (EFC), the cost of basic education, whether the student is full-time or part-time and the entire attendance during the school year.    An eligible student may not receive more than one Pell Grant from more than a single academic institution at a time.   According to the FSA handbook, direct grants may be awarded with the aid of participating schools to students who fit the financial need qualifications and who have not received their bachelor’s degrees. The Academic Competitiveness Grant (ACG) is a relatively new program that was granted during the 2006-2007 academic year.   The main purpose of this grant is to encourage students in the United States to enroll in more challenging high school courses and also to eventually pursue college degrees.   This grant is awarded to students who are first-year undergraduate students who were able to graduate from high-school in 2006, and to second-year students who graduated in January 1, 2005 from their high school. This can be awarded to a student over and above the Pell grant award that a deserving student receives.   There is currently over US $4.5 billion that has been earmarked for this program over the next five (5) years and this will continue on until the 2010-2011 academic calendars.   In order to be qualified to receive this grant, applicants must be full-time students (unlike the Pell Grant) and must be United States citizens. Works Cited: ACG Grant Information from http://www.acggrant.com/ last accessed on March 20, 2008 Federal Pell Grant Program from http://www.ed.gov/programs/fpg/index.html last accessed on March 20, 2008

Private Schools vs. Public Schools Essay -- Private Schools Public Sch

Parents often wonder how to start off their children’s education. Depending on ones religion or beliefs a private or public school is a choice most parents face. Of course, each school offers it’s own pros and con’s the choice is simple. Public schools offer the best well rounding of a student. While being enrolled in a public school, students are faced with real outside world problems, are with a different blend of students each year, and are also introduced to the latest technology faster. While, a public school the money is offered to them by the state easier then having donations like a private school. Ones child will most likely be with the same students throughout their educational years. Classes aren’t as big and varied like classes at public schools. While in a public schoo...

Bollywood and Gender

Research Proposal Aim: To study and compare the role of women in some of the women centric Hindi films released between 1980 to 1990 and 2000 and 2010. Objective: To study the issues of gender, caste, development that were perceived in Indian cinema then and now in women centric films. A comparative study about the representation of women in Indian cinema then and now in women centric films. Scope: There are a numerous women centric films that are created in diverse languages around the world. When we focus even on one specific type, we get to know about the culture and thought process of that specific region. Also, a strong statement emerges out of the analysis which is a reflection of the prevailing ideologies in the society. This paper will be mark a statement on the thought process, beliefs of the people especially for the women. These beliefs systems and ideologies will be compared through women centric Bollywood movies that were released between 1980’s to 1990’s and 2000 to 2010. The scope can be extended to many women centric movies made in various languages other than Hindi. One can also include the earliest of the eras for a detailed comparison and in-depth study. Not only a comparison on the issues like gender and caste but also a comparison on other issues like lifestyle, costumes, movie posters etc can be done. Limitations: This paper is limited only to Bollywood films because of the language constraints. Also, only two decades have been chosen since the comparison and study would be possible with a limited number of films to study. Also, from each decade four women centric films are chosen and then studied thoroughly. Followed by is a detailed analysis of the movie based on the issues of Gender, caste, development, ideologies. Research Question: What is the difference in the representation of women portrayed earlier (1980-1990) and that which is shown now (2000-2010)? †¢ What are the factors that have affected the change in the representation of women in Hindi cinema esp. between the 1980- 1990 and 2000-2010? And how is the transition identified? †¢ Was the image of women shown in the movies of 1980-1990 stronger, bolder than tho se shown now (2000-2010)? Introduction: Confirming Aristotle’s view of art as an imitation of life, gender discrimination in the Hindi film industry does indeed reflect the bias that exists in Indian society. The gender ratio in India is heavily skewed in the favor of males (1. 08 male(s)/female) (from CIA’s publication). Thus, Indian moviegoers are presumed to be mostly men—roughly between the age of 15 to 34 years. These moviegoers, according to an all-India survey by a research organization, enjoy mindless comedies. Such thinking dominates cinematic expression in one of the world’s largest centers of film production. The Indian entertainment industry stands at $10 billion today and is expected to grow at 18 percent per annum compounded annually over the next two years (Economic Times). An average Indian spends approximately 4. 6 percent of disposable income on movie watching in theaters. And because issue-based films are not a favorite with the masses, a producer opts for subjects with more appeal so that he or she can recuperate the huge investments involved in film production. Even female filmmakers do not risk funding for their films by focusing on women-centric subjects. At New York’s iView Film Festival held in 2009, which explored gender and sexuality issues, filmmakers and actors on the panel were asked to comment on the presentation of social issues through Indian films. Zoya Akhtar, the filmmaker of  Luck By Chance (2009), and a panel member commented on the female protagonist in her film saying that, â€Å"The character could have been any; the fact that she is a woman is a coincidence. † But because the film ends up centering on the story of a woman, the director struggled for six years to make the film—apparently because numerous male actors turned down the costarring role. She had a difficult time despite her insider status in the industry as the daughter of renowned Indian scriptwriters, Javed Akhtar and the sister of an accomplished film director, actor, producer and singer, Farhan Akhtar. The absence of female centric scripts in main stream Hindi cinema is partially to be blamed because of its commercial viability. Also, commercially super-hit films like Jab We Met(2007) and Paa(2009) are termed as female centric films, but on observing closely, we realize that both the female characters in the end need their male counterpart to overcome their grief or are heavily relied on them to ensure a happy ending to their story. Hindi cinema is divided into ‘trends’ or ‘eras’. Starting from the silent ra in 1920s, Hindi cinema has evolved tremendously in terms of technique, story telling and the stories that were told. The period from late 1940s till 1960s is considered as the ‘Golden era’ of Indian cinema. Bollywood witnessed a new wave in form of content, where earlier movies focused mainly on mythological stories, after independence, their focus shifted on development issues (Do Bigha Zameen- in 1953), gender (Bandini-in 1963), caste di scrimination (Sujata-in 1959), etc. In the early years of Indian cinema, it was Bimal Roy who made a host of films in which his heroines had the lead part to play. Commercial cinema then had female centric scripts and Nutan, Meenakumari, Madhubala and Waheeda Rehman have portrayed some of the most powerful female characters in Hindi cinema and delivered super-hit films. The role played by Zeenat Amaan in the movie (Qurbani-in 1980) was much ahead of its time. It was bold and headstrong unlike of the characters that we seen in the movies of late 90’s. One of the outstabding commercial hits Seeta aur Geeta concentrated more on the heroines rather than the two heroes. Besides such mirrored plots, some movis have focused exclusively on the heroine and woven the script around a central female character. In such films, the woman has no prototype. Jaya Bhaduri’s Guddi was one of the early hits where the innocent girl next door image of a star struck teenager became representative of each school going girl for years to come. In other films like Aandhi, an educated wife changes course midway from a happily married woman to a leading politician. When we compare those films with the films produced during 1990s and later, we can see stark contrast in the way female leads were being portrayed. Not only in their portrayal of the character, but also in the way the content of the movie that was generated. At times or rather most of the times, they were meant to accomplishments to their male counterparts. Shridevi in Lamhe(1991), Madhuri Dixit in Hum Aapke Hain Koun-(1994), Karishma Kapoor in Dil to Paagal Hain-(1997), Fiza-(2000) ,Kajol in Dushman-(1998) and Aishwarya Rai in Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam-(1999), Taal-(1999) and Guzaarish-(2010) were some of the most popular leading ladies during this era. Though they were brilliant performers, they hardly were part of a movie where they were not shown adhered to the wishes of the male lead, society and family. It becomes mandatory to ultimately create an image of an ‘ideal’ girl/woman for the audience (here consumers) because that’s how our society works and secondly it becomes easy for that the idea to sell; hence increase in numbers and popularity. Films like â€Å"Dor† (2006), â€Å"Silsilay† (2005), â€Å"Tehzeeb† (2003), â€Å"Pinjar† (2003), â€Å"Chameli† (2003), â€Å"Satta† (2003), â€Å"Filhaal† (2002), â€Å"Zubeidaa† (2001) â€Å"Lajja† (2001), â€Å"Chandni Bar† (2001) and â€Å"Fiza† (2000) brought the woman into the spotlight – all these films got critical acclaim, but they didn't turn out to be a commercial hit. Surprisingly, in recent times, No One Killed Jessica was the only ‘women centric film’ that sort of worked at the box office. All said and done, it shows that we lack on ideas. We as audience are treading backward as we choose to accept only a specific image of woman being shown. Hence, I would focus on a comparative study of two different bollywood era. This will not only comment on the techniques and style of film making, but it will also comment on the kind of cinema accepted by the masses then and now. It will clearly showcase the image of a girl or a woman being shown by the film makers and its acceptance by the audience. It will talk about how issues of gender, caste, development were perceived in Indian cinema then and now. Hence, it will become a cultural comparative study of two different decades from Indian history and will help us understand that how the term ‘Indian Culture’ has evolved over a period of time. A Tentative Bibliography: †¢ Criticisicm and Truth by Roland Barthes |   | |Television commercials and rural women as audience in India by Ila Patel | | | | | |Ways of Seeing by John Berger | | | | | |About Looking by John Berger | | | | | |Women and Art contested Territory by ChicagoJudy | | | | | |Bollywood in Posters by Ausaja. S. M. M. | | | | | |A Thinking Eye by Paul Klee | | Reference Links: www. indianetzone. com www. indianlink. com www. altlawforum. org www. expressindia. com www. semionaut. com www. sebsteph. com www. slideshare. net Heta Vyas MAJ 0310